19 research outputs found

    Identifying hotspots of chimpanzee group activity from transect surveys in TaĂŻ National Park, CĂ´te d'Ivoire

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    Locating activity hotspots - areas of higher density, more intense use, or distinct social units - is a prerequisite for answering many questions in animal ecology. However, for many species, carrying out such research from direct observations in tropical habitat is time-consuming and unrealistic for non-habituated animals. This study aimed to locate chimpanzee home ranges from transect nest counts. For validation purposes, 233 line transects were sampled within the home ranges of four habituated social groups of chimpanzees in TaĂŻ National Park, CĂ´te d'Ivoire. In total, 373 km of transects were surveyed over 188 days and 683 nests of chimpanzee were recorded. First, we characterized heterogeneity of nest distribution patterns, including variation in density and group size within the area. Second, we used scan statistics, a likelihood-based cluster technique to locate chimpanzee social groups and compared them with the known home range boundaries. Chimpanzee nest distribution was characterized by a positive density and group-size gradient away from the range periphery. Furthermore, nest distribution clusters corresponding to the four groups could be successfully identified, although additional clusters for, for example, low-density areas between social groups seem to be an unavoidable by-product. The approach taken can be extended to a wide spectrum of data stemming from direct observations, camera traps, acoustic or genetic sampling to derive information about structure and patchiness of wild animal population

    Etude Préliminaire de la Diversité et de L’abondance des Coléoptères Coprophages du Parc National de Taï, Sud-Ouest Côte d’Ivoire

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    Les insectes coprophages exploitent les crottes des mammifères, et contribuent, ainsi, Ă  l’entretien et Ă  l’équilibre des Ă©cosystèmes. Cependant, les Ă©tudes sur l’entomofaune des crottes de mammifères restent rares au Parc National de TaĂŻ (PNT), Sud-Ouest CĂ´te d’Ivoire. Ce travail vise Ă  identifier les ColĂ©optères coprophages infĂ©odĂ©s aux crottes de grands mammifères du PNT, pour contribuer Ă  une meilleure connaissance de l’entomofaune de l’aire protĂ©gĂ©e. Les crottes de mammifères dĂ©tectĂ©es Ă©taient identifiĂ©es, prĂ©levĂ©es, puis transportĂ©es jusqu’à une source d’eau proche. Chaque Ă©chantillon de crottes Ă©tiquetĂ© est mis dans un seau d’eau dans lequel les insectes sont rĂ©coltĂ©s par flottaison, puis conservĂ©s. Au total, 226 ColĂ©optères Scarabaeidae appartenant Ă  deux Sous-familles (Coprinae et Scarabeinae) et quatre Tribus (Aphodiini, Canthonini, Onthophagini et Sysiphini) ont Ă©tĂ© observĂ©s. Les Onthophagini, qui sont de la guilde des fouisseurs, Ă©taient les plus abondants et reprĂ©sentaient 66,37% des individus collectĂ©s. Les Sysiphini (rouleurs) Ă©taient les moins abondants et reprĂ©sentaient 4,42% des individus observĂ©s. Une diffĂ©rence significative a Ă©tĂ© observĂ©e entre l’abondance de ColĂ©optères coprophages des crottes de l’élĂ©phant et celle des crottes d’autres mammifères notamment le potamochère (p = 0,03), l’hippopotame nain (p = 0,04), et cĂ©phalophes (p = 0,03). Cependant, aucune diffĂ©rence significative n’a Ă©tĂ© observĂ©e entre l’abondance de ColĂ©optères coprophages des crottes de l’élĂ©phant et de celles du buffle (p = 0,06). Cette Ă©tude mĂ©rite d’être approfondie pour mieux cerner les relations entre les divers taxa et pour le suivi adĂ©quat de la faune qui est nĂ©cessaire pour la gestion et la conservation du PNT. Coprophagous insects exploit dung piles of mammals, thus they contribute, to ecosystem maintenance and balance. However, studies on the entomofauna of mammals’ dung remain rare at TaĂŻ National Park (TNP), Southwestern CĂ´te d’Ivoire. This study aims at identifying coprophagous beetles that feed on large mammals’ dung at TNP to contribute to a better knowledge of the entomofauna of the protected area. Mammals dung piles that were detected, were identified, removed, and brought to a nearby source of water. Each dung sample was tagged and placed in a bucket containing water in which the dung beetles floundered and then kept in a vial. In total, 226 Scarabaeidae dung beetles belonging to two subfamilies (Coprinae and Scarabeinae) and four tribes (Aphodiini, Canthonini, Onthophagini and Sysiphini) were observed. The Onthophagini, which are from the burrowing guild, were the most abundant and represented 66.37% of the individuals observed. Sysiphini (rollers) were the least abundant and represented 4.42% of the individuals observed. A significant difference was observed between the abundance of coprophagous beetles in the dung forest elephant and that of the dung of other mammals including the bush pig (p = 0.03), the pygmy hippopotamus (p = 0.04), and duikers (p = 0.03). However, there was no significative difference between the abundance of coprophagous beetle from forest elephant’s and forest buffalo’s dungs (p =0.06). This study deserves further investigation to better understand the relationships between various taxa and for adequately monitoring the fauna and improve the management conservation of the protected area. &nbsp

    Diversité, Distribution Et Statut De Conservation Des Primates Dans Les Reliques De Forêts Dans La Région Du Tonkpi, À L’ouest De La Côte d’Ivoire

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    Tropical forests constitute the main part of the non-human primate’s habitat but they are more and more fragmented because of anthropic activities. In Ivory Coast, the present forest cover includes only some fragments more or less important. The knowledge of the primate’s diversity and their distribution in these relics of forest constitute some hopeful elements for their conservation. This study has been carried out in two classified forests and a community forest of the Tonkpi area in the West of Ivory Coast. It aims first, to assess the species of primates, then to highlight their spatial distributions and at last, determine their conservation status and the threats there are facing. The methodology used consisted firstly, on interview among hunters and older living around the forests to have an overall view of the monkey species in the area and the forests that housing them. Next, foot surveys have been organized in the identified forests during the interview. At the end of this study, seven species of primates belonging to West African forests have been confirmed in these forest relics base on observation of nests, vocalizations and visual signs. The majority of these species are observed at the periphery of forests mainly in mountain and flooded areas apart from Galagoïdes thomasi which is more abundant even in fallow land. Among those species, one (Piliocolobus badius) is listed Endangered (EN) and Colobus polykomos is considered vulnerable (VU) by IUCN; and five others are least Concern (LC). The sustainable conservation of those primates is threatened by agriculture, traditional and industrial mining, hunting and logging. The existence in those forest relics of primate species with conservation concerned justify their value for the sustainable conservation of those primates and the need to reinforce measure of protection

    Visites Touristiques et Comportements des Singes Sacrés de Gbetitapéa, Centre-Ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire

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    La gestion du tourisme faunique nécessite la disponibilité d’informations sur les touristes et l’étho-écologie des animaux. Cette étude est une contribution à l’amélioration des connaissances sur les touristes et les comportements des singes sacrés de Gbetitapéa dans le centre-ouest ivoirien. Il s’est agi de déterminer les caractéristiques des touristes et d’identifier les comportements des singes en présence et en absence des touristes.Des touristes ont été enquêtés et un échantillonnage par animal focal a été fait sur des cercopithèques de Campbell (Cercopithecus campbelli) en absence et en présence des touristes. Au total, 70 touristes provenant de 12 localités ont été interrogés. Parmi eux, des enseignants et des individus dont l’âge variait entre 21 et 45 ans visitent majoritairement les singes.Lorsque la distance des provenances des touristes à Gbétitapéa augmente, il y a une faible tendance à l’observation de touristes (coefficient de corrélation = -0,0126). En absence des touristes, sept comportements (cri, jeux, repos, agression, déplacement, alimentation et toilettage) sont observés avec l’agression et le jeu, respectivement 0,74% et 2,42% des observations, étant les moins fréquents. Les déplacements (26,51%) et repos (25,09%) sont les plus observés. En présence des touristes, cinq comportements (cri, repos, déplacement, alimentation et toilettage) sont observés avec l’alimentation et le déplacement, respectivement 36,84% et 29,82% des observations, étant les plus fréquents. Le repos (5,26%) et le toilettage (7,2%) sont les moins fréquents. La conservation par la sacralisation de la faune doit être encouragée sans ignorer la sensibilisation des touristes pour réduire leurs impacts sur les animaux. Managing wildlife tourism requires the availability of information about tourists and the etho-ecology of animals. This study is a contribution to the improvement of knowledge on tourists and the behaviors of the sacred monkeys of Gbetitapéa in the center-west of Ivory Coast by determining the characteristics of tourists and by identifying the behaviors of the monkeys in the presence and in the absence of tourists.Tourists were surveyed and focal animal sampling was applied to Campbell’s monkeys (Cercopithecus campbelli) in the absence and presence of tourists. In total, 70 tourists from 12 localities were interviewed. Among them, teachers and individuals between the ages of 21 and 45 years mostly visit monkeys.When the distance from the origins of tourists to Gbetitapéa increases, there is a weak tendency to have fewer tourists (correlation coefficient = -0.0126). In the absence of tourists, seven behaviors (screaming, games, rest, aggression, movement, eating and grooming) are observed with aggression and play, 0.82% and 2.68% respectively of observations, being the least frequent. Travel (26.99%) and rest (24.76%) are the most observed. In the presence of tourists, five behaviors (screaming, resting, moving, feeding and grooming) are observed with feeding and moving, respectively 36.84% and 29.82% of observations, being the most frequent. Rest (5.26%), and grooming (7.2%) are the least frequent. Wildlife conservation through sacred fauna must be encouraged without ignoring the awareness of tourist visitors in order to reduce their impact on animals

    Dimorphisme sexuel et caractérisation biométrique de la Sériole guinéenne, Seriola carpenteri, (Mather 1971) échantillonné dans la Zone Economique Exclusive (ZEE) de la Côte d’Ivoire

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    La reproduction artificielle des poissons en captivité nécessite la connaissance de leur dimorphisme sexuel. La détermination du dimorphisme sexuel de la Sériole Guinéenne, Seriola carpenteri est difficile à travers l'examen de l'orifice urogénital. Cette étude a pour but de déterminer le dimorphisme sexuel et les caractéristiques biométriques chez Seriola carpenteri (Mather, 1971) échantillonnée dans la Zone Économique Exclusive (ZEE) ivoirienne, dans le Golfe de guinée. Ainsi, un échantillonnage de 360 spécimens de Seriola carpenteri (Mather, 1971) encore appelé Sériole guinéenne a été effectué en raison de 30 individus par mois pendant la période allant d’août 2017 à juillet 2018. Le poids et la longueur standard des spécimens variaient respectivement de 300,2 g à 935 g et de 22,8 cm à 36,2 cm. L’étude biométrique basée sur les caractères morphométriques et méristiques n’a enregistré de difference significative et ont révélé une allométrie minorante de la relation taille-poids et une isométrie de relation pour l’essentiel des paramètres linéaires par rapport à la longueur standard (LS). Par ailleurs, les relations morphométriques chez la sériole guinéenne ont montré que la vitesse de croissance de la longueur standard est plus rapide que la vitesse de la croissance des paramètres linéaires. Cette étude a montré qu’il n’existe aucun dimorphisme sexuel chez la sériole guinéenne dans la ZEE ivoirienne.Mots clés : Dimorphisme sexuel, Biométrie, Seriola carpenteri, ZEE, Côte d’Ivoire

    The spatial distribution of coastal fish assemblage in Côte d’Ivoire’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), West Africa

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    Objectives: The interest of this study is double. Firstly, these results allow for the characterisation of species assemblages, to identify their spatial distribution boundaries. Secondly, these findings are relevant to define spatial or ecosystem units in order to provide background for fisheries management.Methodology and Results: Samples were collected and studied at a grid of three zones during the cruise of investigation on board the Oceanographic Vessel ITAF DEME in March 2012. Forty- seven taxa belonging to four orders (Cephalopoda, Malacostraca, Chondrichtyes and Osteichtyes) were selected for analysis. Spatial differences in fish structure were analysed through different multivariate routines from PRIMER including between-matrix analysis of similarities (ANOSIM), species contributions to similarity/dissimilarity (SIMPER), non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) and group average cluster analysis. Typical or abundant species from those zones included fishes from the families Sparidae, Haemulidae, Carangidae. The most abundant species were Ariomma bondi (Ariommidae), Selene dorsalis (Carangidae), Brachydeuterus auritus and Pomadasys incisus (Haemulidae), Pagellus bellottii (Sparidae). The species Sardinella maderensis, Brachydeuterus auritus, Trachurus trecae and Selene dorsalis had the highest frequencies of occurrence.Conclusion and application: The distribution of the species halieutics is not uniform along the coast of Côte d’Ivoire. This study pointed to the fish resources of Côte d’Ivoire’s Exclusive Economic Zone. These results will be used by the fishermen and for the development of adequate measures to prevent the loss of aquatic biodiversity.Keywords: Biodiversity, Indices of diversity, Coastal zone, Côte d’Ivoir

    Périodes D’activités et Quelques Aspects du Comportement des Moyens et Grands Mammifères sur Deux îles (Dafidougou et Nakolo) au Nord du Parc National de Taï, Sud-ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire

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    Les nombreux travaux de recherche sur les mammifères du parc national de TaĂŻ se sont intĂ©ressĂ©s Ă  sa grande partie sud. L’extrĂŞme nord du parc constituĂ© d’un ensemble d’îles a rarement Ă©tĂ© investiguĂ©. Le prĂ©sent travail essai de combler ce manque d’informations en Ă©tudiant la diversitĂ© des mammifères, leur pĂ©riode d’activitĂ© ainsi que quelques aspects de leur comportement sur Nakolo et Dafidougou, deux des 11 Ă®les que constitue cette portion du parc. A cet effet, un total de 20 pièges photographiques a Ă©tĂ© installĂ© de façon systĂ©matique sur ces deux Ă®les. Un total de neuf espèces de mammifères a Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ© dont huit espèces sur l’île Nakolo et cinq sur Dafidougou. Cependant, l’indice de Shannon indique que la richesse en biodiversitĂ© de Dafidougou est lĂ©gèrement supĂ©rieure Ă  celle de Nakolo du fait de la grande dominance de la civette d’Afrique (Civettictis civetta) sur l’île Nakolo. Parmi les neuf espèces de mammifères dĂ©tectĂ©es sur ces Ă®les, la majoritĂ© est nocturnes, certaines sont diurnes et d’autres cathĂ©mĂ©rales. Sur le plan comportemental, les mammifères rencontrĂ©s se dĂ©placent beaucoup, se nourrissent frĂ©quemment et sont trè peu vigilants surtout sur l’île Dafidougou. Nous en dĂ©duisons l’existence dĂ©sormais d’une quiĂ©tude et d’une tranquillitĂ© sur ces Ă®les très anthropisĂ©es dans un passĂ© rĂ©cent.   Many research studies on mammals in TaĂŻ National Park have focused on its large southern part. The extreme north of the park, made up of a group of islands, has rarely been investigated. This work tries to fill this lack of information by studying the diversity of mammals, their period of activity as well as some aspects of their behavior on Nakolo and Dafidougou, two of the 11 islands that make up this portion of the park. To this end, a total of 20 camera traps have been systematically installed on these two islands. A total of nine species of mammals have been identified, including eight species on Nakolo Island and five on Dafidougou. However, the Shannon index indicates that the biodiversity richness of Dafidougou is slightly higher than that of Nakolo due to the great dominance of the African civet (Civettictis civetta) on Nakolo Island. Among the nine species of mammals detected on these islands, the majority are nocturnal, some are diurnal and others cathemeral. Behaviourally, the mammals encountered move around a lot, feed frequently and are not very vigilant, especially on Dafidougou Island. We deduce from this the existence now of peace and tranquility on these islands which were very anthropized in the recent past

    Périodes D’activités et Quelques Aspects du Comportement des Moyens et Grands Mammifères sur Deux îles (Dafidougou et Nakolo) au Nord du Parc National de Taï, Sud-ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire

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    Les nombreux travaux de recherche sur les mammifères du parc national de TaĂŻ se sont intĂ©ressĂ©s Ă  sa grande partie sud. L’extrĂŞme nord du parc constituĂ© d’un ensemble d’îles a rarement Ă©tĂ© investiguĂ©. Le prĂ©sent travail essai de combler ce manque d’informations en Ă©tudiant la diversitĂ© des mammifères, leur pĂ©riode d’activitĂ© ainsi que quelques aspects de leur comportement sur Nakolo et Dafidougou, deux des 11 Ă®les que constitue cette portion du parc. A cet effet, un total de 20 pièges photographiques a Ă©tĂ© installĂ© de façon systĂ©matique sur ces deux Ă®les. Un total de neuf espèces de mammifères a Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ© dont huit espèces sur l’île Nakolo et cinq sur Dafidougou. Cependant, l’indice de Shannon indique que la richesse en biodiversitĂ© de Dafidougou est lĂ©gèrement supĂ©rieure Ă  celle de Nakolo du fait de la grande dominance de la civette d’Afrique (Civettictis civetta) sur l’île Nakolo. Parmi les neuf espèces de mammifères dĂ©tectĂ©es sur ces Ă®les, la majoritĂ© est nocturnes, certaines sont diurnes et d’autres cathĂ©mĂ©rales. Sur le plan comportemental, les mammifères rencontrĂ©s se dĂ©placent beaucoup, se nourrissent frĂ©quemment et sont trè peu vigilants surtout sur l’île Dafidougou. Nous en dĂ©duisons l’existence dĂ©sormais d’une quiĂ©tude et d’une tranquillitĂ© sur ces Ă®les très anthropisĂ©es dans un passĂ© rĂ©cent.   Many research studies on mammals in TaĂŻ National Park have focused on its large southern part. The extreme north of the park, made up of a group of islands, has rarely been investigated. This work tries to fill this lack of information by studying the diversity of mammals, their period of activity as well as some aspects of their behavior on Nakolo and Dafidougou, two of the 11 islands that make up this portion of the park. To this end, a total of 20 camera traps have been systematically installed on these two islands. A total of nine species of mammals have been identified, including eight species on Nakolo Island and five on Dafidougou. However, the Shannon index indicates that the biodiversity richness of Dafidougou is slightly higher than that of Nakolo due to the great dominance of the African civet (Civettictis civetta) on Nakolo Island. Among the nine species of mammals detected on these islands, the majority are nocturnal, some are diurnal and others cathemeral. Behaviourally, the mammals encountered move around a lot, feed frequently and are not very vigilant, especially on Dafidougou Island. We deduce from this the existence now of peace and tranquility on these islands which were very anthropized in the recent past

    Diversité et Éthologie des Mammifères sur Deux Îles du Nord du Parc National de Taï, Sud-Ouest, Côte d’Ivoire

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    Les nombreux travaux de recherche sur les mammifères du parc national de Taï se sont intéressés à sa grande partie sud. L’extrême nord du parc constitué d’un ensemble de 11 îles a rarement été investigué. Le présent travail essai de combler ce manque d’informations en étudiant la diversité des mammifères, leur période d’activité ainsi que quelques aspects de leur comportement sur Nakolo et Dafidougou, deux des 11 îles qui n’ont jamais fait l’objet d’aucune recherche. A cet effet, 20 pièges photographiques a été installé de façon systématique sur ces deux îles pour conduire la présente étude. Un total de neuf (09) espèces de mammifères a été identifié dont huit (08) espèces sur l’île Nakolo et cinq (05) sur Dafidougou. Cependant, l’indice de Shannon indique que la richesse en biodiversité de Dafidougou (H’=1,297) est légèrement supérieure à celle de Nakolo (H’=1,209) du fait de la grande dominance de la civette d’Afrique (Civettictis civetta) sur l’île de Nakolo. Parmi les huit (08) espèces de mammifères détectées sur l’île Nakolo, quatre (04) espèces sont nocturnes, trois (03) sont cathémérales et une (01) seule est diurne. Quant à l’île Dafidougou, des cinq (05) espèces rencontrées, trois (03) sont nocturnes, une (01) cathémérale et une (01) autre diurne. Sur le plan comportemental, les mammifères rencontrés se déplacent beaucoup, se nourrissent fréquemment et sont très peu vigilants surtout sur l’île Dafidougou. Nous en déduisons l’existence désormais d’une quiétude et d’une tranquillité sur ces îles très anthropisées dans un passé récent. Many research studies on mammals in Taï National Park have focused on its large southern part. The extreme north of the park, made up of a set of 11 islands, has rarely been investigated. The present work tries to fill this lack of information by studying the diversity of mammals, their period of activity as well as some aspects of their behaviour on Nakolo and Dafidougou, two of the 11 islands which have never been the subject of no research. For this purpose, 20 camera traps were systematically installed on these two islands to conduct this study. A total of nine (09) species of mammals have been identified including eight (08) species on Nakolo Island and five (05) on Dafidougou. However, the Shannon index indicates that the biodiversity richness of Dafidougou (H'=1.297) is slightly higher than that of Nakolo (H'=1.209) due to the great dominance of the African civet (Civettictis civetta) on the island of Nakolo. Among the eight (08) species of mammals detected on Nakolo Island, four (04) species are nocturnal, three (03) are cathemeral and only one (01) is diurnal. As for Dafidougou Island, of the five (05) species encountered, three (03) are nocturnal, one (01) cathedral and another (01) diurnal. Behaviourally, the mammals encountered move around a lot, feed frequently and are not very vigilant, especially on Dafidougou Island. We deduce from this the existence now of peace and tranquillity on these islands which were very anthropized in the recent past

    Population Dynamics of Mangrove Oyster, Crassostrea gasar of the Lagoons Ebrié and Aby (Côte d’Ivoire)

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    (This work characterizes the population dynamics of mangrove oyster, Crassostrea gasar of two lagoons of Côte d’Ivoire: the Ebrié lagoon; on the level of Grand-Bassam and Azito and the Aby lagoon; on the level of Assinie. Thus, a monthly sampling of 30 oysters per site for 12 months (October 2015 at September 2016), for each month, the sampled oysters were grouped in size class of 10 mm and treaty with   FiSAT II software for the determination of the population dynamics parameters. Thus, the results showed that the site of Azito records the best growth coefficient (1.80 years-1). The coefficient in this locality is 2.05 and 3.10 times respectively higher than that of Grand-Bassam and Assinie.  However, the longevity of the specimens of Assinie remains higher (5.17 years) compared to that of Large-Bassam (3.47 years) and Azito (1.67 years). The individuals of the three localities record an average size of 99mm. A similar report is done concerning asymptotic length and the coefficient of growth performance. The recruitment of oysters is continuous all the year. However, of the peaks are observed on the level of each site. It appears in addition that the oysters of the lagoons Ebrié and Aby are in a situation of overexploitation.  The data of this study will make it possible to pose the bases of a rational exploitation of mangrove oysters
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